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Title
STEPS - The Dynamics and Sustainability of
Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS):
Mapping challenges and pathways
Abstract
Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) represents a radical
alternative to conventional top-down approaches to sanitation and
offers hope of achieving the Millennium Development Goals. In
contrast to state-led initiatives to improve sanitation that tend to
focus on hardware and subsidies, CLTS emphasises community
action and behaviour change as the most important elements to
better sanitation. CLTS focuses on enabling the local community to
analyse the problems of faecal-oral routes of disease spread, and of
finding locally appropriate, rather than externally prescribed,
solutions. Through exercises such as transect walks, mapping of
open defecation sites, and the various routes of disease spread (e. g.
through flies and animals), as well as calculation exercises aimed at
drawing villagers’ attention to the amount of faeces they are
ingesting,, powerful emotions of shame and disgust are triggered, A
process is ignited where people are moved into action, drawing on
local resources and knowledge to construct sanitary facilities that fit
their particular needs and desires, within the constraints of
household priorities and resources. Pioneered by Dr. Kamal Kar, an
independent development consultant, in Bangladesh in 1999, CLTS
is currently being implemented in more than 30 countries across
the globe, in Asia, Africa and Latin America. However, like all success
stories, CLTS still faces a number of challenges in terms of its scope
and impact. There is a need to map out and understand the social,
technological and ecological dynamics of CLTS implementation in
order to better appreciate the long-term sustainability issues of CLTS
and realise its full potential for improving people’s lives and well-being.
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